@article { author = {Ghazavi, M. and Nazari Afshar, J. and Kalantary, F.}, title = {Theoretical and Numerical Comparison of Lateral Pressures Imposed by Surcharge on Retaining Walls (Technical Note)}, journal = {Journal of Civil and Surveying Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {3}, pages = {345-349}, year = {2011}, publisher = {}, issn = {}, eissn = {}, doi = {}, abstract = {The elasticity theory and numerical method has been used to determine the lateral earth pressures on retaining walls due to surcharge. Initially, Boussinesq (1876) presented a relationship based on the elasticity theory to estimate the lateral pressure induced from point load. This was then extended for line, strip, uniform, …, surcharges. Experimental results showed that there exists difference between Boussinesq equation and experimental results. For example, Spangler (1936) performed large scale experiments and recorded the lateral stresses. He found stresses twice the lateral stress estimated by Boussinesq equation. Mindlin (1936) related this phenomenon to “mirror effect” but some of researchers such as Bowels does not agree with this. In this paper, PLAXIS software has been used for calculating lateral earth pressure exerted on retaining walls from line and strip surcharges. Three values of 0.3, 0.40, and 0.45 have been used for the soil Poisson ratio. The numerical results have been compared with those obtained from Boussinesq equation. The horizontal distance between surcharge and retaining wall has been taken as a variable. At a given depth, the ratio of lateral pressure determined from PLAXIS divided by that obtained from Boussinesq equation has been drawn. The results show that the horizontal distance between surcharge and retaining wall has a negligible effect on results. In addition, the ratio of PLAXIS result to that given from Boussinesq equation for line and strip surcharges is about 1.5. Moreover, the Poisson ratio has a negligible effect on results. While only line and strip surcharges are considered in this paper, the extension of analysis to other surcharges is straightforward.}, keywords = {Boussinesq equation,Elasticity Theory,Lateral earth pressure,Line Surcharge,Strip Surcharge.}, title_fa = {بررسی نظری و عددی اضافه تنش افقی ناشی از سربار بر روی دیوار حائل (یادداشت فنی)}, abstract_fa = {استفاده از نظریه الاستیسیته یا روش های عددی برای محاسبه تنش افقی افزوده ناشی از سربار از ابزارهای سودمندی می باشند که امروزه از آنها استفاده می شود. با توجه به اینکه در عمل مقدار تنش های افقی افزوده ناشی از سربار اندازه گیری شده دو برابر تنش های افقی محاسبه شده با رابطه بوسینسک(مبتنی بر نظریه الاستیسیته) نتیجه شده است. لذا در این تحقیق با استفاده از نرم افزار عددی مبتنی بر روش عددی المان محدود به بررسی و مقایسه نتایج تنش های افقی ناشی از سربار خطی و نواری در خاک محاسبه شده با استفاده از رابطه بوسینسک و روش عددی المان محدود پرداخته شده است. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل های انجام شده با روش المان محدود نشان دهنده آن است که مقدار متوسط تنش های افقی افزوده ناشی از سربار محاسبه شده توسط روش المان محدود 5/1برابر تنش های افقی محاسبه شده با رابطه بوسینسک می باشد.}, keywords_fa = {تئوری الاستیسیته,رابطه بوسینسک,سربار خطی,سربار نواری,نیروی جانبی خاک}, url = {https://jcse.ut.ac.ir/article_23457.html}, eprint = {https://jcse.ut.ac.ir/article_23457_61ab01b27b755d504c429d6b788a8898.pdf} }